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br Discussion The biochemical separation of exonuclease acti
2019-10-09

Discussion The biochemical separation of exonuclease activity from DNA-PK dependent endonuclease activity reported in this manuscript is consistent with genetic separation of Artemis enzymatic activity. Mutations in the protein which result in disruption of endonuclease activity have no effect on
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Structural homology modelling Intensive Phyre modelling was
2019-10-09

Structural homology modelling. Intensive Phyre2 modelling [44] was performed using the primary amino Riboflavin sequence of A1S_0222 as input to generate an atomistic 3D-homology model of A1S_0222. The fit to the SAXS data of the homology model as well as the fit to the data of the E. coli adenine-
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Because of the complexity of DNA damage
2019-10-09

Because of the complexity of DNA damage and its repair, several pathways are candidates in HN2-induced DPC repair. Considering the 23kDa molecular weight of MGMT, NER may be ineffective for MGMT-adduct removal. This presumption is supported by that the mRNA level of ERCC1, a core gene in NER pathway
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br Introduction Although not fully understood
2019-10-09

Introduction Although not fully understood, the molecular toxicology of sulfur mustard (bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide, SM; CAS–Nr. 505-60-2), an alkylating warfare agent, has been attributed to DNA alkylation [1], [2], [3]. The same principle holds true for other alkylating compounds such as nitrogen
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We also determined the uracil content of CJ DNA
2019-10-09

We also determined the uracil content of CJ236 DNA by thin-layer chromatography of in vivo32P- or [6-3H]uracil-labeled CJ236 2′-deoxyribose 5′-monophosphates as well as by LC/MS of deoxyuridine and thymidine 2′-deoxynucleosides (Table 1, Table 2, Table 3). Examination of the 32P data showed that, ba
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The estrogenic activity of steroids with
2019-10-08

The estrogenic activity of steroids with a C19 methyl group may provide a selective advantage in estrogen physiology that is not provided by E2. In this regard, 5α-androstanediol has been proposed to be a second physiological estrogen in fetal mouse Z-DQMD-FMK clinical based on the timing of ERβ sy
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br Halogenases Enzymatic C H activation leading to
2019-10-08

Halogenases Enzymatic C–H activation leading to halogenation is another emerging area in biocatalysis [55,56]. Incorporation of halogen atoms during medicinal chemistry eff ;orts is a well-established practice, presenting an effective means to control the molecule’s bioactivity and physicochemical
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It is noteworthy that little is known as
2019-10-08

It is noteworthy that little is known as to the role of autophagy in regulation of eNOS phosphorylation and eNOS uncoupling. eNOS monomers, but not eNOS dimers could be degraded by ubiquitination [39], harbingering the existence of protein degradation pathways in modulation of eNOS turnover and acti
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In Fig results of this experiment
2019-10-08

In Fig. 1 results of this experiment are shown as the contour plots of endopeptidase activity. Optimal for the enzyme production by this strain concentrations of peptone and inorganic phosphate were found to be 24 and 0.3g/l, respectively. For specific activity, the optima close to those for glutamy
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OHC is a potent regulator
2019-10-08

25-OHC is a potent regulator of LXR-mediated pathways, that impact on Erismodegib mass lipid homeostasis [8]. This oxysterol affects expression of the cholesterol efflux pumps ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABC)A1 [9] and ABCG1, and expression of apolipoprotein E [10], [11], [12]. 25-OHC is able
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In contrast to inflammatory cytokines TGF has immunosuppress
2019-10-08

In contrast to inflammatory cytokines, TGF-β has immunosuppressive properties yet is also important for tissue imprinting immune cell function during development [23]. Salivary gland (SG) ILCs, in addition to liver and intestinal intraepithelial ILC1, express markers denoting tissue residency and TG
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Given the link between E s autoimmunity
2019-10-08

Given the link between E3s, autoimmunity, and antitumor immunity, it p38 pathway is reasonable to assume that, similar to other ICBs, IRAEs may limit the clinical use of E3-targeting therapies – further stressing the need to better understand the underlying mechanisms of these unwanted effects. Des
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Bardoxolone methyl br Conclusions br ISG is an ubiquitin lik
2019-10-08

Conclusions ISG15 is an ubiquitin‐like protein that is induced by treating mammalian Bardoxolone methyl with interferon‐α/β. UbE1L was identified as the E1‐activating enzyme for ISG15 in the course of experiments that demonstrated that the nonstructural or NS1 protein of influenza B virus inhib
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Our ex vivo analysis demonstrates that IL promotes CD
2019-10-08

Our ex vivo analysis demonstrates that IL-15 promotes CD122 expression in DGKζ-deficient CD8+ T cells. CD122, which forms a dimer with CD132 in response to IL-2 or IL-15, activates the JAK/STAT and PI3K/mTOR pathways. Whereas antigen-stimulated 2b3a inhibitors promote IL-2 sensitivity through up-reg
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br Phylogenetic analysis KSTDs have rather diverse amino aci
2019-10-08

Phylogenetic analysis — Δ1-KSTDs have rather diverse amino protease inhibitor cocktail pathway sequences. A sequence distance analysis using the program MEGA6 [75] of all currently biochemically characterized Δ1-KSTDs yielded a largest p-distance [76] of 0.67 (on a scale of 0-1) for the Δ1-KSTDs
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